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During the 17th century, certain poets wrote poems with the specific purpose
of persuading a woman to have sexual intercourse with them. Three of these
seduction poems utilize several strategies to do this:
Andrew Marvell’s “To His
Coy Mistress,” and Donne’s “A Valediction: Forbidden Mourning” and “The Flea.”
Some of the reasoning used by both poets is similar to the reasoning used today
by men to convince women to have sexual intercourse with them. These gimmicks
vary from poem to poem but coincide with modern day rationalization. The tactics
used in 17th century seduction poems are relevant and similar to the seduction
tactics used in the 21st century.
Through his writing, Andrew Marvell uses
several strategies to get a woman to sleep with him. In his seduction poem, “To
His Coy Mistress,” Marvell first presents a problem and then offers his solution
to the problem. Marvell sets up a situation in which he and his lover are on
opposite sides of the world: “Thou by the Indian Ganges’ side/ Shouldst rubies
find; I by the tide/ Of Humber would complain….” (5-7). He has set up a
circumstance in which his lover is in India and he is in England; however, this
situation can be interpreted as a metaphor for sexual distance. Marvell then
goes on to profess his love for this woman, telling her that he will always love
her, saying “...I would/ Love you ten years before the flood” (7-8) and saying
that his “vegetable love should grow/ Vaster than empires and more slow” (11).
This suggests that he is promising permanence in their relationship. In doing
so, Marvell is also trying to pacify his lady’s fears of sexual relations. He
wants his lover to feel secure and confident about having intercourse with him.
In the second stanza, Marvell turns his attention to another “problem” that
his lover might pose by not sleeping with him. He writes, “But at my back I
always hear/ Times winged chariot hurrying near” (21-22). Marvell is concerned
about death in this situation. He is now pleading to his woman because he feels
threatened by time. He tells her that time is running out and that they had
better sleep together before it is too late. Marvell solidifies this argument a
few lines later by presenting the idea of death and the fact that they can not
have sexual intercourse once they are dead. He writes, “The grave’s a fine and
private place/ But none, I think, do there embrace” (31-32). This time, Marvell
is trying to scare his woman into having intercourse with him. If she truly
believes that she might die a virgin, she will be more apt to sleep with him
after hearing this well-made point. In the final stanza of the poem, Marvell
presents a solution to all the predicaments he had previously mentioned. “While
the youthful hue/ Sits on thy skin like morning dew/ And while thy willing soul
transpires…” (33-35), he writes, proposing that while they are both young and
willing, they should have sex. He then suggests the type of sexual activity they
participate in: “Let us roll all our strength and all/ Our sweetness into one
ball” (41-42) suggesting what is known in modern terms as sixty-nine.
Many
of the tools Marvell used in his poem “To His Coy Mistress” to seduce women are
utilized in this century. First, Marvell’s argument that his vegetable love will
grow for his woman is comparable to the words that men commonly use today. Men
will tell a woman they love her simply to get her in bed. They try to convince
their woman that they will always be there to hold and to cherish them, so
committing to sex is a profession of that love and will guarantee permanence in
the relationship. If a man promises a woman that he will always be around, and
shows it, she will trust him. If a woman trusts a man she will be much more
likely to sleep with him. Secondly, Marvell brings up the issue of aging, also
used today by men to get women in bed. “Life is short” is the modern cliché, and
men and women both approach sexual relations with the attitude that you are only
young once; why not have sex while it will be wild and carefree? It is a common
scenario in modern times. And at the end of the poem, the suggestion of
sixty-nine is still common practice today, showing that techniques in lovemaking
and seduction have not changed as much as many people think.
The poet Donne
also employs many tactics to get a woman to sleep with him. In one of his poems,
“A Valediction: forbidden Mourning,” the early stanzas present a problem, much
like in Marvell’s work. He suggests death or possibly a separation, but in later
stanzas assures his woman that being separated will not destroy their love, but
expand and strengthen it. It is written:
Our two souls therefore, which are
one, Though I must go, endure not yet A breach, but an expansion,
Like gold to airy thinness beat. (21-24)
The major argument in Donne’s
poem is presented in the final three stanzas. He is trying to convince his woman
that God will keep them together, no matter what happens. He compares himself
and his lover to “twin compasses,” (26) with she being the fixed foot and he
being the moveable part. The final two lines read, “Thy firmness makes my circle
just/ And it makes me end where I begun” (35-36). The suggestion of a circle
represents the circle of life that God made, and ending where he began would be
with her. All this in turn is better reason for her to sleep with him- it goes
back to the idea that they will always be together. The ideas presented by
Donne in “A Valediction: forbidden Mourning” are relevant in modern
relationships. First, his argument that separation will only expand their love
is comparable to the modern adage “Absence makes the heart grow fonder,” which
is one of the most trite expressions used when illustrating love today.
Secondly, using God as an excuse is also common practice in current times. Men
will use God in many ways, saying that He will keep them together, that He put
humans on this earth for reproduction, or that He will take care of them. All of
these excuses bring religion into the matter, which could be an effective tool
in reasoning with women to consent to sexual intercourse.
Donne’s second
poem, “The Flea,” brings many strategies of seduction to light. The poem begins
with the image of a flea that represents sexual. For the remainder of the poem,
Donne uses the “flea” as a metaphor implying that intercourse is as small and
insignificant as a flea. Donne begins the first stanza, “Mark but this flea, and
mark in this/ How little that which thou deny’st me is” (1-2). He is telling his
woman that whether or not he sleeps with him is inconsequential, suggesting that
sex in general is a trivial matter. He continues the first stanza in the same
manner, comparing sex to a flea’s bite, or nothing significant at all. He writes
to his woman, “Thou know’st that this cannot be said/ A sin, or shame, or loss
of maidenhead” (5-6). In essence he is saying that sex is not a big deal. In the
second stanza, Donne urges the woman not to kill the flea because it will kill
both of them as well as their relationship: “Though use make you apt to kill me/
Let not to this, self murder added be/ And sacrilege, three sins in killing
three.” (16-18)
The third stanza opens with Donne asking the woman why she
crushed the flea when it did nothing to her: “Cruel and sudden, hast thou since/
Purpled thy nail, in blood of innocence?” (19-20). However, a few lines later
Donne adds that it does not matter that she crushed the flea, trying to make her
think that his love for her is true regardless of whether or not they have sex.
This could be to convince her that he really is worth sleeping with. He writes,
“Yet thou triumph’st, and say’st that thou/ Find’st not thyself, nor me the
weaker now” (23-24). This points out that even if she killed the flea, their
love would still stand strong. This would allay any fears the woman might have
about the effects of sexual intercourse on their relationship. And as his final
plea, Donne tells his woman, “Just so much honour, when thou yield’st to me/
Will waste, as this flea’s death took life from thee,” (26-27) or that she will
not lose any honour by sleeping with him. This also is trying to alleviate any
concern the woman might have about losing her virginity and the effects of sex
on the relationship.
In the 21st century, men use these and similar ploys to
get women to consent to sexual intercourse. The idea that sex is not a big deal
is widely used to allay the apprehension of sexual relations. The unfortunate
element is that this is becoming so widespread that intercourse is taken lightly
these days. But the idea is still commonly heard. The other technique Donne
used, in asking his woman why she wouldn’t sleep with him but then saying that
the answer isn’t important, also holds true today. Men will frequently pressure
their woman to sleep with them but always reinforce the idea that whether they
sleep with them or not is unimportant. The actuality of the situation is that
the man is often trying to seem caring and thoughtful so as to sweet-talk the
woman into having intercourse. This is not always the case but by acting out of
concern and consideration the man is inadvertently saying that he is worth
sleeping with, and that will work just as well. Furthermore, Donne’s argument
that killing the flea will in turn kill the feelings in the relationship is
similar to the prevalent notion that by not sleeping with someone it means that
you do not love them. Donne explains that refusing intercourse will kill him.
Today, it translates into killing the love, or in other words, “it must mean you
don’t love me.” At the present time, the argument “if you loved me then you
would sleep with me” prevails. Associating love with doing sexual favors is
common practice: the more you love someone, the more willing you should be to
perform sexual acts. This is a conventionalized idea in modern relationships and
it is seen frequently. Lastly, Donne’s arguments that honor will not be lost as
a result of intercourse is taken to a higher level today. Sex is becoming more
and more of a prize of sorts; the more popular or attractive you are, the more
sex you should be getting. In turn, you are more popular and attractive if you
have sexual experience. It even goes so far as to define social status for men:
the more women they sleep with, the “better” they are.
The themes presented
in 17th century seduction poems are relevant today, in the 21st century. Men
will still go great distances to get a woman in bed, and in today’s society,
sometimes the role is reversed. Either way, when sex is desired, the same ploys
are used to get it. Going after sweet spots in a woman’s heart is common
practice. Professing unconditional love, like Marvell in “His Coy Mistress,” is
still used to get women in bed. It makes them feel secure in a relationship,
which in turn makes them more likely to have sex with their partner. Building up
the relationship, like Donne in “A Valediction: forbidden Mourning,” will also
make a woman feel secure in a relationship in modern times by establishing
dependability; it also romanticizes the relationship. If a woman feels she is
being swept off her feet by Prince Charming, she will be more likely to get in
bed. Allaying a woman’s fears will also convince her to consent to sex, much
like in Donne’s first stanza of “The Flea.” He reassures his woman that sex is
not a big deal. These days sex really has become quite inconsequential and men
do not have difficulty pointing that out to a woman they are trying to sleep
with. Generally, many of the basic ideas expressed in 17th century poetry are
similar to those presented today in relationships. Making excuses, finding
arguments, allaying fears, and professing true love are all still utilized to
speed along the occurrence of sexual relations.
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